Cabbage Compresses

The Produce-Aisle Natural Remedy EVERYONE Should Know

(DoctorFarrah)- Ezekiel 47:12, All sorts of trees for food will grow on both banks of the stream. Their leaves will not wither; nor will their fruitage fail. Each month they will bear new fruit, because the water for them flows from the sanctuary. Their fruitage will serve as food and their leaves for healing.

People ask my opinions regarding natural remedies and I promote natural remedies. I’m a licensed Medical Doctor and also licensed by PITAHC as a Naturopath. 

I do not promote natural medicine as the only route to health. I do not tell people to stop their medications. I do not tell people to avoid hospitals. I do not denigrate other doctors or their opinions. I do not promise cures to anyone. If someone is amid a life-threatening medical emergency, they need to seek medical attention as quickly as possible. Every video I make encourages people to consult with their doctor and seek appropriate medical attention.

Repolyo!

Back in June of 2003, there was a report in the BMJ (Formerly the British Medical Journal) of a 72 year old woman who claimed that a cabbage compress was, “the only measure that provided relief from the symptoms of her osteoarthritis…” (1)

This was commented on by Dr. Alison Munns in the BMJ in her letter titled, “Cabbage leaves can help inflammation of any body part” where she stated, “Cabbage leaves are often used by breastfeeding women to soothe engorged painful breasts. Their success in my personal trial of one has led to my recommendation of them, not only to breastfeeding women but to anyone with an acutely inflamed bodily part, with reasonable success.” (2)

I find it interesting that this doctor wrote; “Cabbage leaves can help inflammation of any body part”, and that she is recommending them to; “anyone with an acutely inflamed bodily part”. It’s very interesting that she would write this in a top tier medical journal, considered by many to be the best medical journal in the world. It’s also interesting to note that not a single doctor has refuted her statement in the BMJ in the 20 plus years since it went to print.

It was also commented on by Helen Woodman, a registered breastfeeding counsellor with the National Childbirth Trust with her letter titled, “Cabbage leaves are poor man’s poultice”. She wrote that, “Freshly washed cabbage leaves are known in European folk medicine as the poor man’s poultice. There is nothing new about this ancient remedy used to help reduce all types of painful swelling. You may even find that there is a cache of cabbage in the fridge of your local maternity unit.” (2)

Interesting that, “There is nothing new about this ancient remedy used to help reduce all types of painful swelling.”

The first time I saw this, I was very intrigued. So, instead of shaking my head dismissively and ignorantly criticizing people about such a viewpoint, I decided to research it. When we take the time to research something, we give ourselves the opportunity to learn. It’s also a good idea that beyond research, we seek out and get the opinions of medical experts who can either affirm or debunk a type of treatment or protocol. 

Such an expert is Dr. Alex Moroz, MD, MHPE, from NYU Langone Hospitals in New York, NY, the #9 ranked hospital in the 2020-2021 U.S. News and World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll. 

Dr. Moroz has 27 years of experience as a Medical Doctor, specializing in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Orthopedic Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine. Dr. Moroz is an Associate Professor in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine at NYU Grossman School of Medicine. Dr. Moroz is also the Vice Chair for Rusk Rehabilitation at NYU Langone Health, the #7 Ranked U.S. Hospital for Rehabilitation in the 2020-2021 U.S. News and World Report Best Hospitals Honor Roll.

Here we have the expert, Dr. Moroz demonstrating how to prepare and apply a cabbage compress.

Please notice where Dr. Moroz says you; “need a knee or another inflamed and painful part”, which is basically what I was criticized for saying. Dr. Moroz later states that you, “put the cabbage around the part that hurts”. So, anywhere there is an inflamed or painful body part, he is basically saying that one can use a cabbage wrap.

Next, we have Dr. Opless “Op” Walker, PharmD. discussing cabbage wrap benefits.  Dr. Walker retired as the founding and Chief Pharmacist at Cookeville Regional Medical Center in Tennessee and as a professor at Tennessee Tech University, the #1 ranked public University in Tennessee. Dr. Walker has over 50 years of experience in Pharmacology and is recognized as an expert witness in the field of Pharmacology. (3)

Next is Karen Howell, P.T., a Physical Therapist with 37 years of experience showing how to prepare a Cabbage leaf wrap for pain and inflammation.

As shown above, we have an expert Medical Doctor (27 years experience), A highly experienced and expert Doctor of Pharmacology (50 years experience), and a highly experienced expert Physical Therapist (37 years experience) promoting the use of cabbage wraps for pain and inflammation. Combined they have 114 years of experience in their respective fields. That is exactly 103 years longer than the “Savior”, who became a doctor 14 years ago back in 2009. The “Savior” claimed in 2020 to have 18-20 years of medical experience that he somehow got in 11 years as a Medical Doctor. 

The question a person should ask themselves is this; would I prefer to listen to 3 experts with 114 years of combined experience, OR someone who can’t even accurately report how much experience they have since you can’t get 18-20 years of medical experience in 11 years? How about this Doctor below?

@upwellness

@Dr. Josh Levitt How to do a cabbage leaf wrap (CLW) for joint pain! #cabbage #kneepain #wellness #clw #arthritis #jointpain #tutorial #diy #healthtips

♬ original sound – Dr. Josh Levitt

Dr. Rob Hicks is one of the UK’s most popular and well-known media-doctors with 31 years of experience as a GP. Here he writes about cabbage in the Daily Mail from his book, Old-Fashioned Remedies: From Arsenic to Gin.

“Warm or cold cabbage used on the skin can relieve PMS… Relieve breast tenderness by placing chilled cabbage leaves straight from the fridge in your bra, or reduce lower abdominal pain by placing the leaves on the tummy.”Dr. Rob Hicks, M.D. (4)

“Grated cabbage can also be made into a poultice to be applied externally in the treatment of wounds, varicose veins and leg ulcers.” – Dr. Vikram Chauhan, M.D., Ayurvedic Doctor (5)

“Sprains:  Tie three or four thicknesses of cabbage leaves around the sprained area and leave on over night.  Next time you see the lowly cabbage plant consider that over the centuries many people have derived much relief from physical ailments through using it.” – Dr. John Christopher, renowned American herbalist. (6)

Aside from expert opinions, what does science say about cabbage wraps?

In 2016, a randomized control trial was published in The Clinical Journal of Pain (7) demonstrating the effectiveness of Cabbage leaf wraps as compared to usual care in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. 

It concluded that, “CLWs (Cabbage Leaf Wraps) are more effective for knee OA (Osteoarthritis) than UC (Usual Care).” (7)

Dr. Michael Greger, M.D. even did a video about this study.

A 2012 review supports the idea that cabbage leaves are a reliable way to even find relief for breast engorgement. (8) The review found that using cabbage leaves reduced the pain and hardness of engorged breasts and made it easier for women to continue breastfeeding for longer. 

“Overall results showed that cabbage leaf treatment used on women with breast engorgement did reduce pain, the hardness of the engorged breasts and increased the duration of breast feeding.” (8)

The Journal of Nursing Education and Practice published a study in 2016 regarding cabbage wraps which noted that, “an application of cold cabbage leaves and warm compresses are effective for relieving breast engorgement, but the cold cabbage group was improved regarding symptoms and levels of engorgement better than the warm compresses group.” (9)

This 2019 review from the Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development states that; “Application of cabbage helps to reduce swelling in moderate to severe engorgement and give the evidence for introducing the intervention in clinical practice.” (10)

Below is Dani Kurtz, R.N., a labor and delivery nurse at Utah Valley Regional Medical Center talking about cabbage leaves for relief of breast engorgement.

We also see cabbage leaves recommended in the book, Quick Reference for the Lactation Professional, Second Edition (11). It is for healthcare professionals working with breastfeeding women and their families. It was written by Judith Lauwers, retired Education Coordinator for the International Lactation Consultant Association. Judith is also the former Executive Director and Accreditation Manager of the Lactation Education Accreditation and Approval Review Committee (LEAARC) which is the leader in establishing standards and guidance in lactation education.

On page 155, “Use of cabbage to relieve engorgement:

  • Discard the outer leaves and pull off several inner leaves.
  • Wash, pat dry, and crush the leaves slightly to break up the veins.
  • Place the leaves around the breasts, leaving the nipple exposed.
  • Hold the leaves in place with a bra.
  • Refrigerate the remaining cabbage to keep it chilled for later use.
  • Wear fresh leaves for 20 minutes every 2 hours, replacing with wilted leaves as needed.
  • Remove the cabbage when the breasts begin to feel tingly and cool, milk begins to leak, or the breast begins to soften.
  • After removing the cabbage, put the baby to breast or pump if the baby still cannot latch.
  • Discontinue cabbage when the baby or pumping provides needed relief.
  • Prolonged application of cabbage is sometimes used for weaning.” (11)

Science Focus, the United Kingdom’s no. 1 science and technology monthly magazine, weighed in on the issue of cabbage compresses.

“Cabbage may be a surprising home remedy for mastitis, a condition that causes swelling and soreness in breasts….Mastitis, which causes breast tissue to become sore and inflamed, is most common in breastfeeding women. Despite patchy scientific evidence, mums all over the world swear that slipping cabbage leaves in the bra can work wonders….the key may lie in the fact that cabbages contain glucosinolates. Enzyme action converts these to pungent isothiocyanates, collectively referred to as mustard oil. And mustard oil has long been used as a home remedy for swelling.” (12)

Joint Health Magazine has addressed cabbage compresses. Their page tells us how to make a cabbage compress and they also state that; “Cabbage is not only useful in preparing delicious dishes at home, but it can also help treat pain. It is high in glutamine and anthocyanins which have anti-inflammatory properties…Cabbage can be used to ease swelling caused by arthritis.” (13)

The Australian School of Herbal Medicine website tells us how to make a cabbage leaf wrap (14) and how it has anti-inflammatory properties used to; 

  • treat joint pain
  • for sport injuries
  • to relieve arthritic and inflamed joints
  • to promote slow-healing wounds.

A 2022 study from the journal Frontiers In Pharmacology looked at cabbage compresses for inflammation.

“Based on the one of oldest methods for dealing with inflammation via the use of cabbage leaf compresses, we investigated the effects of Brassica oleracea derived miR172a on the potential human target gene encoding FAN (Factor Associated with Neutral Sphingomyelinase Activation) protein…Crushed cabbage leaves are one of the most widely used anti-inflammatory remedies in Polish folk medicine. Cabbage, due to its specific properties, has been used in natural medicine mainly for rheumatic pain, vein and lymphatic vessel inflammation, bruises, sprains, mastitis or gastrointestinal problems. Its “spectrum” of use is, however, much wider and encompasses the treatment of both internal and external diseases…In this paper, we have shown that, as identified by bioinformatics methods, miRNA172a from cabbage leaf juice (known in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent) reduces the expression of the FAN protein in human cells, thus lowering the proinflammatory activity of TNF-α…These results support our hypothesis that administration of miR172a in patients with RA may be beneficial in diminishing the symptoms of the disease.(15)

 

A 2022 Randomized control trial of cabbage compresses appeared in the journal Pain and Research Management.

“This study aimed to establish the efficacy of cabbage leaf application in alleviating pain-related distress and positively improving OA conditions…Comparison among the clinical procedures proved that the cabbage leaf and cooling gel pad showed similar improvements with statistical significance and greater efficacy than diclofenac gel application.(16)

 

“A CARING CABBAGE WRAP helps especially with swelling, inflammation and joint pain. Cabbage is very cleansing – it removes fluids and releases potassium into the body. You can use cabbage leaves on the inflamed area of the skin to remove swelling and pain.”(17)

“Cabbage contains a pigment called anthocyanin, which may help to reduce joint pain and inflammation.” (18)

The U.S. magazine Woman’s World, is a publication with 1.6 million weekly readers. In 2019 they ran an article about cabbage compresses. 

“A ‘Cabbage Bandage’ Will Relieve Chronic Joint Pain Fast — And You Can Make Them at Home…Place the cabbage leaf directly on your skin and wrap it in place with gauze. Let the cabbage bandage sit for up to an hour. You can even wear the bandage overnight if it does not irritate your skin.” (19)

LIVESTRONG- “Cabbage leaves wrapped around painful joints may help with joint pain relief for some people.” (20)

The Epoch Times Singapore Edition- “Easy-to-make cabbage compresses can reduce swelling and ease chronic pain. They can also be used to treat the more severe pains caused by arthritis and sports injuries.” (21)

This article from Healthy Holistic Living states; “Cabbage has been used for treating swollen and bruised skin for centuries. It’s full of phytonutrients, vitamins, anthocyanins, and glutamine that contain anti-inflammatory properties, which are good for easing cancer AND joint pain! It’s been used to treat arthritis and sports injuries.” (22)

In the Reader’s Digest article, 6 Natural Remedies for Arthritis Relief, the authors note that, “Cabbage leaf has been used for centuries for swelling, ulcers, sprains, and strains. In one Swiss hospital, patients with rheumatoid arthritis have their swollen joints wrapped at night in cabbage leaves to help reduce joint swelling and pain…TO MAKE YOUR OWN POULTICE: Take some cabbage leaves, cut out the central rib, lay them flat on a chopping board, and bash with a rolling pin until the juices start to come out. Then place the leaves over the swollen joints and wrap a gauze bandage around the joint to keep the leaves in place.” (23)

“Did you know the leaf of the cabbage has powerful anti-inflammatory compounds that provide a remarkably effective treatment for relieving swelling, bruising, simple strain and pain associated with a wonky knee, twisted ankle and painful joints.” (24)

A very brief history of Cabbage

“Cabbage is one of the oldest known vegetables, dating back to 4,000 B.C. in Shensi Province, China.  Around 600 B.C. the Celts brought cabbage to Europe from Asia…Got a pounding headache?  A warm compress made with cabbage leaves can help relieve the pain.  Just crush the cabbage leaves (squeeze ’em hard), place in a cloth, warm a few seconds in the microwave, and apply on the forehead. (25) 

 

In the Canon of Medicine written by the most famous of all the philosopher-scientists of Islam, Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn-Abd Allah ibn-Sina wrote, “All types of cabbage, wild, sea and garden types have maturating effects on inflammations affecting the soft connective tissue. The leaves of the wild and garden type, when crushed mildly and used as a poultice, either alone or with flour, are useful in treating hot inflammations…Wild cabbage heals wounds.” (26)

 

“By the time of the early Greek and Roman dynasties, cabbage was widely grown. The Romans considered it a luxury and many regarded it as better than all other vegetables. They also used it for medicinal purposes as relief from gout, headaches and symptoms of poisonous mushroom ingestion.” (27)

 

The De agri cultura (On Farming or On Agriculture), written by the Roman Historian Cato the Elder (234-149 BC), is the oldest surviving work of Latin prose. In it he wrote, “It is the cabbage which surpasses all other vegetables,” in reference to its medicinal value. “It can be used as a poultice on all kinds of wounds and swellings; it will cleanse all sores and heal without pain; it will soften and open boils; it will cleanse suppurating wounds and tumours, and heal them, a thing which no other medicine can do.” (28)

“In 1536 French Navigator Jacque Cartier brought cabbage to the Americas, and in Captain Cook’s famous first 17th Century voyage, many of the crew members were saved from gangrene when the ship’s doctor made poultices of cabbage to apply to wounds.” (25)

“During Captain Cook’s first voyage, which began in 1768, a mighty storm came up. The ship rolled and pitched violently, and many crewmen were injured. To save the men from gangrene, the ship’s doctor made poultices of cabbage to apply to their wounds. While the men’s injuries were the result of accidents above and below decks, it was no accident that cabbage sailed with Cook during his ten years of world explorations.” (29)

 

In the article, “10 Things You May Not Know About Captain James Cook(30) on History.com, we also can learn about cabbage and scurvy.

“Cook helped pioneer new methods for warding off scurvy. In the 18th century, the specter of scurvy—a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C—loomed over every long distance sea voyage. Cook, however, managed to keep all three of his expeditions nearly scurvy-free. This was partially because of his obsession with procuring fresh food at each of his stops, but many have also credited his good fortune to an unlikely source: sauerkraut. While Cook didn’t know the cure or cause of scurvy, he did know that the nutrient-rich pickled cabbage seemed to keep the disease at bay, so he brought several tons of it on his voyages. His only problem was getting his crew to eat it. To trick them, Cook simply had sauerkraut “dressed every day” for the officers’ table. When the enlisted men saw their superiors eating it, they assumed it was a delicacy and requested some for themselves.” (30)

 

An 1868 article from The Boonville Enquirer in Indiana notes that government radicals in the  lowest state of despondency were, “as destitute of enthusiasm as a dried cabbage poultice is of curative properties.” (31)

 

In 1883, Dr. Anselme Blanc, M.D. wrote; On the medicinal properties of the cabbage leaf and how to apply it. This 248-page work features many spectacular healing successes in a variety of diseases obtained thanks to cabbage leaf application including numerous desperate cases.

“Cabbage could be in the area of medicine what bread is in the area of food, a providential medicine of the poor…Cabbage leaves contain curative virtues which are highly effective and applicable to many diseases. This I have often and regularly witnessed. Estimable persons whom I had advised the use of the leaves and who had greatly benefitted from them have strongly urged me to write a summary of the cures I was able to obtain by this crucifer and to show the reader the way to use it.” (32)

 

This 1914 article from The Minden City Herald in Michigan tells us how to make a cabbage poultice. “A Cabbage Poultice…Take a cabbage leaf, roll it with a bottle until the juice comes and tie it to the affected part.” (33)

 

This 1936 article from The Evening Review (East Liverpool, Ohio) by Dr. Royal S. Copeland, M.D., makes mention of how grandparents of the time treated infected wounds with “Cabbage-leaf poultices”. (34)

 

This article from 1998 in The Province, Vancouver British Columbia, notes their Herb of the week: Cabbage, on page 83.

“A poultice will bring relief to engorged breasts, wounds, burns, boils, bruises, headaches, neuralgia, shingles and swollen joints. To make a cabbage leaf poultice, take out the ribs from the outer, greenest leaves, warm the leaves by dipping them for a few seconds in very hot water and then crush them with a rolling pin. Apply the leaves several layers thick and hold them in place with a bandage or thin plastic wrap. Change the poultice every few hours.” (35)

 

This 2006 article from the Asheville Citizen-Times is titled; Cabbage offers wealth of healing properties. 

It states that; “Raw cabbage and cabbage leaf paste is used in many traditional treatments to restore circulation, help reduce inflammation and remove toxins from an injured area. For relief from the swelling of gout, place a cabbage compress over the site.” (36)

 

Cabbage and Baseball?

“The one-time home run king, Babe Ruth, was not just using beer to hydrate as he punished opposing pitchers, he was using cabbage as well…Babe Ruth would take leaves of cabbage and lay them out over the ice box until they were nice and cold, then lay it over his head while wearing his hat.” (37)

This article from the Tampa Bay Times on August 16, 1928 confirms the story and tells how Babe Ruth would take a piece of cold cabbage every time he came to the bench. (38)

 

It wasn’t just players, umpires used cabbage leaves too. This article from NBC Sports also tells us, “Umpires no longer forced to wear cabbage leaves under hats…He used to put cabbage leaves in the hat. He had me do it when I worked with him.” (39)

Cabbage was even the “secret weapon” of the 1979 World Series Champion Pittsburgh Pirates.

On page 20 of “Tales from the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates”, “The Pirates Secret Weapon…For the ’79 Bucs, a “secret weapon” of sorts was a handful of…cabbage leaves. Whenever the players had to endure the scorching heat of an August sun, team captain Willie Stargell introduced them to a rather effective, albeit crude, cooling ritual. Prior to the game he showed the players how to wet down some cabbage leaves and stuff them inside their hats. Strange as it may seem, the tactic worked. The cabbage leaves kept the cool water inside their hats throughout the entire game.” (40)

Here are the Washington Nationals Major League Baseball team celebrating National Cabbage Day in 2019.

There is no rule in Major League Baseball banning the use of cabbage inside hats, but the Korean Baseball Organization banned them back in 2005.

“South Korea’s love for cabbage – the key ingredient in its national dish, kimchi – apparently doesn’t extend to the baseball field. The Korea Baseball Organization ruled that wearing cabbage leaves inside a baseball cap constitutes as an “alien material” that may disrupt a game, the organization said in a statement.” (41)

Yes…Cabbage…But we’re not quite done yet. 

Who knew?

Ephesians 4:14, So we should no longer be children, tossed about as by waves and carried here and there by every wind of teaching by means of the trickery of men, by means of cunning in deceptive schemes.

I’ve learned a lot about Vloggers during this process of widespread ridicule. One thing that has become clear is that many of them are not concerned with reporting honest or accurate information. Many players in this “new news media” do not have ethical standards like legitimate journalists. There are rules about what television networks can air. There are rules about what newspapers can run. There are rules about what can air on the radio. This “new news media” has very broad community guidelines and there are so many of them, that enforcement of standards in honesty and decency is scarce if at all. As a result, the airing of false and misleading information is commonplace. 

I’ve observed that many of these Vloggers are concerned only with views, followers and fame. They’re looking for their “viral” moment such as I have experienced being victimized by the “Savior”. It seems the best way to go “viral” is with controversy. If you don’t have the scoop on a controversy, one can create one just as the “Savior” did.

It’s ironic that the “Savior” Vlogger who attacked me claims to promote truth and accurate information. But in actuality, “They purvey falsehoods to mislead, confuse, and — ultimately — to instill a sense of the futility of speech that saps the will to cry foul, protest, or resist. On social media, the problem is not one of control, but of chaos. The ferocious pace with which false information can spread can make defending the truth or correcting the record seem like mission impossible, or an invitation to opponents to double down in spreading deceit.” (42)

I’m not going to self-censor and disappear. I promote truth by showing science, and legitimate experts opinions, not shaking my head dismissively and acting like an expert which is the modus operandi of the “Savior”. I will expose the lies, fake news and misinformation of the “Savior” piece by piece, no matter how long it takes. 

P.S. You cannot get 18-20 years of experience when you’ve been a doctor for 11 years unless you have a time machine. 

References:

  1. Minerva BMJ 2003; 326 :1406. https://www.bmj.com/content/326/7403/1406
  2. BMJ 2003;327:451. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC188519/pdf/3270451C.pdf
  3. Edwards, Robert C. Tennessee Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers Expert Witness Database. https://silo.tips/download/tennessee-association-of-criminal-defense-lawyers
  4. Hicks, Rob. Cabbage can beat period pain… and other home remedies that really work. Daily Mail. Sept. 13, 2010. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-1311786/Cabbage-beat-period-pain–home-remedies-really-work.html
  5. Chaunan, Vikram. Information about nutrients and herbs – uses, benefits. Cabbage. Planet Ayurveda. https://www.planetayurveda.com/cabbage/
  6. Christopher, John. Dr. Christopher’s Natural Healing Newsletter. Volume 4, Issue 12. https://www.christopherpublications.com/Newsletters.html
  7. Lauche R, Gräf N, Cramer H, Al-Abtah J, Dobos G, Saha FJ. Efficacy of Cabbage Leaf Wraps in the Treatment of Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin J Pain. 2016 Nov;32(11):961-971. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26889617/
  8. B, Koh S, Gail D. The effectiveness of cabbage leaf application (treatment) on pain and hardness in breast engorgement and its effect on the duration of breastfeeding. JBI Libr Syst Rev. 2012;10(20):1185-1213. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27820535/
  9. El-Saidy T, Aboushady R. Effect of two different nursing care approaches on reduction of breast engorgement among postnatal women. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2016; 6(9): 18-28. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v6n9p18
  10. kanksha Yadav1, Kavitha Mole PJ2, Nageshwar V3. (2019). Effectiveness of Cabbage Leaves Application on Breast Engorgement: Narrative Review. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 10(4), 82-85. https://ijphrd.com/scripts/IJPHRD_April_2019.pdf
  11. Lauwers, Judith. Quick Reference for the Lactation Professional 2nd Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning; 2nd edition (November 1, 2016) 262 pages. https://amzn.to/38UgAwv
  12. Davies, Emma. Do cabbage leaves cure mastitis? https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/do-cabbage-leaves-cure-mastitis/
  13. Feldman, Melissa. How to Apply Raw Cabbage Leaves To Relieve Joint Pain? Joint Health Magazine, December 13, 2019. https://www.jointhealthmagazine.com/the-effect-of-cabbage-on-joint-pain.html
  14. Australian School of Herbal Medicine. (Article) Home Remedy For Arthritic & Inflamed Joints. https://www.asohm.com.au/cabbage-simple-remedy-for-arthritic-and-inflamed-joints-swelling-sores-sprains-and-slow-healing-wounds/
  15. Kasarello K, Köhling I, Kosowska A, Pucia K, Lukasik A, Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska A, Paczek L, Zielenkiewicz U, Zielenkiewicz P. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cabbage Leaves Explained by the Influence of bol-miRNA172a on FAN Expression. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 24;13:846830. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.846830. PMID: 35401203; PMCID: PMC8987499. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8987499/
  16. Thanapon Chobpenthai, Patcharapol Arunwatthanangkul, Wiriya Mahikul, “Efficacy of Cabbage Leaf versus Cooling Gel Pad or Diclofenac Gel for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Open-Labeled Controlled Clinical Trial”, Pain Research and Management, vol. 2022, Article ID 3122153, 8 pages, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3122153
  17. https://terhen.fi/en/cabbage-helps-with-many-ailments
  18. https://www.footinjuryclinic.com/blog/7-fact-or-fiction-remedies-for-plantar-fasciitis/
  19. Aman, Melanie. A ‘Cabbage Bandage’ Will Relieve Chronic Joint Pain Fast — And You Can Make Them at Home. Woman’s World. April 3, 2019. https://www.womansworld.com/posts/health/cabbage-leaves-for-inflammation-170241
  20. Bardot, J. (2010, August 14). How to Apply Raw Cabbage Leaves for the Relief of Joint Pain. Retrieved from, http://www.livestrong.com/article/205430-how-to-apply-raw-cabbage-leaves-for-the-relief-of-joint-pain/
  21. Bevan, Louise. Say Goodbye to Your Joint Pain in 1 Hour with This ‘Cabbage Bandage’ Hack. The Epoch Times Singapore Edition, March 23, 2019. https://www.gtgoodtimes.com/2019/03/23/simple-cabbage-bandage-hack-to-ease-joint-pain-within-1-hour/
  22. Toole, Michelle. Wrap Your Leg With Cabbage For 1 Hour If You Have Joint Pain, Healthy Holistic Living. March 1, 2016. https://www.healthyholisticliving.com/cabbage-compress/
  23. Jones, M., Torres, P. Natural Remedies for Arthritis Relief, Reader’s Digest. https://web.archive.org/web/20180819030954/https://www.rd.com/health/conditions/natural-remedies-arthritis-relief/
  24. Barker, Sean, Natural healing: Anti-inflammatory cabbage compress. Polytunnel Gardening. Dec. 31, 2018. https://blog.firsttunnels.co.uk/natural-healing-anti-inflammatory-cabbage-compress/
  25. Lingle, Marilyn Felkel. HERE’S LOOKING AT YOU: Cabbage – The Remarkable Head, The Journal-News. February 23, 2014. https://www.thejournal-news.net/stories/heres-looking-at-you-cabbage-the-remarkable-head,43995
  26. Canon of Medicine Volume 2: Natural Pharmaceuticals, Volume 2 Great Books of the Islamic World, Incorporated, 2012 – History of Medicine, Medieval – 1322 pages. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Canon-of-Medicine.pdf
  27. Gloucester-Mathews Gazette-Journal, Through the years: Cabbage, its history in society and on the table. January 25, 2017. https://www.gazettejournal.net/through-the-years-cabbage-its-history-in-society-and-on-the-table/
  28. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cato/De_Agricultura/K*.html
  29. Owen, Marion. Captain Cook’s love affair with cabbage. PlanTea.com https://bit.ly/38S7Fvh
  30. Andrews, Evan. 10 Things You May Not Know About Captain James Cook, History.com, April 29, 2015. https://www.history.com/news/10-things-you-may-not-know-about-captain-james-cook
  31. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Boonville-Enquirer.pdf
  32. “Notice sur les propriétés médicinales de la feuille de chou et sur son mode d’emploi” [approx.: On the medicinal properties of the cabbage leaf and how to apply it] by Dr. Anselme Blanc, 4th expanded edition, 1883. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k932133k/f12.double#
  33. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Minden-City-Herald.pdf
  34. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/The-Evening-Review.pdf
  35. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/The-Province.pdf
  36. https://doctorfarrah.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Asheville-Citizen.pdf
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  42. Pen America: The Pro-Free speech way to fight fake news. https://web.archive.org/web/20200802011041/https://pen.org/press-clip/pro-free-speech-way-fight-fake-news/

 

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